長毛兔純種繁育以及雜交繁育的技術(shù)的區(qū)別
發(fā)布日期：2023-12-28
來源：http://www.wmsj08.com 發(fā)布人：創(chuàng)始人
純種繁育
Purebred breeding
良種兔的純種育種是指該品種（素）的雄性和雌性兔的配對，使得這個品種的特點(diǎn)可以很好地遺傳到下一代，保持了完好的品種的特點(diǎn)，以及生產(chǎn)性能不斷改進(jìn)。必須嚴(yán)格選擇純種繁殖。長毛兔應(yīng)選擇具有良好性狀的兔子，如健康，良好的體形和高產(chǎn)量的兔子?？茖W(xué)選擇，為后代傳遞良好品質(zhì)，不符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的不良標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。后代的個體。當(dāng)長毛兔已形成品種后需要加強(qiáng)詞養(yǎng)管理，注意性狀的不斷鞏固和提高。純種繁育進(jìn)一步定句繁育種群，品種內(nèi)部建立品系、品族，防止生活力衰退，并隨時發(fā)現(xiàn)和淘汰不同性狀的手代。
The purebred breeding of high-quality rabbits refers to the pairing of male and female rabbits of this breed (element), so that the characteristics of this breed can be well inherited to the next generation, maintaining the characteristics of the intact breed, and continuously improving production performance. Strict selection of purebred reproduction is necessary. Long haired rabbits should choose rabbits with good traits, such as health, good physique, and high yield. Scientific selection, passing on good qualities to future generations, and eliminating substandard standards. Individual offspring. After the long haired rabbit has formed a variety, it is necessary to strengthen the management of breeding and pay attention to the continuous consolidation and improvement of its traits. Pure breed breeding further determines the breeding population, establishes strains and lineages within the variety to prevent decline in vitality, and constantly discovers and eliminates hand generations with different excellent traits.
所謂的“品系”是指來自該品種中同一祖先的后商群。這組后商不僅具有良好的一般特征，而且在一個或幾個特征中脫穎而出。他們之間保持著某種親緣關(guān)系，同時他們之間的關(guān)系是相似的。該系的育種是指使用各種方法培育該系。
The so-called "lineage" refers to the later Shang group from the same ancestor in the variety. This group of post quotients not only has good general characteristics, but also stands out among one or several features. They maintain a certain kinship relationship, and their relationship is similar. The breeding of this line refers to the use of various methods to cultivate it.
用這種方法來降低近親程度，經(jīng)濟(jì)效果好。品系繁育選出特別突出、的雄兔，對該雄兔的遺傳性能、繁殖力、生產(chǎn)性能進(jìn)行詳細(xì)鑒定，證明是的雄兔把它定為原祖。用這種雄兔與的雌兔配對，培育出一群具有原祖優(yōu)點(diǎn)的個體，并具有一定數(shù)量即可稱為一個晶系。如從國外引進(jìn)了的德系的兔子，用雄的德系的兔子與雌的德系的兔子配對，不斷擴(kuò)大德系的兔子種群。不要與其他品種的兔配種，以免造成血統(tǒng)混亂，生產(chǎn)性能不穩(wěn)定。
Using this method to reduce the degree of kinship has a good economic effect. The first step in breed breeding is to select a particularly outstanding male rabbit, and to conduct a detailed identification of its genetic performance, reproductive ability, and production performance, proving that the male rabbit is designated as its ancestor. Pairing this type of male rabbit with excellent female rabbits to cultivate a group of individuals with ancestral advantages and a certain number can be called a crystal system. If excellent German rabbits are introduced from abroad, male German rabbits are paired with female German rabbits to continuously expand the population of German rabbits. Do not breed rabbits with other breeds to avoid confusion in bloodline and unstable production performance.
雜交繁育
Hybrid breeding
雜交是指不同品系的長毛兔之間的配對，通過用不同的品種進(jìn)行雜交來獲得種后代生產(chǎn)性能高的雜種免群，可降低生產(chǎn)成本，提高利潤，長毛兔雜交一代有很強(qiáng)的雜交優(yōu)勢，成活率高，成長快。有目的地從遠(yuǎn)方兔場引進(jìn)健康種兔，與本場兔雜交；或利用不同品種兔雜交繁育。長毛兔生產(chǎn)中，長毛兔雜交方式有以下三種。
Hybridization refers to the pairing of different strains of long haired rabbits to obtain hybrid offspring with high production performance through hybridization with different varieties, which can reduce production costs and increase profits. The hybrid generation of long haired rabbits has strong hybridization advantages, high survival rate, and fast growth. Purposefully introducing healthy breeding rabbits from distant rabbit farms and crossbreeding with local rabbits; Or cross breed rabbits of different breeds. There are three hybridization methods for producing long haired rabbits.
（1）改良雜交 某一品種長毛兔與另一品種長毛兔之間條交，目的是使某一品種在保持原有品種特性基礎(chǔ)上再吸收另品種的性狀，從而提高其種兔的產(chǎn)毛量和品質(zhì)。例如，飼養(yǎng)的本地毛兔產(chǎn)毛性能較差，直接影響飼養(yǎng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益，為T迅速改變本地毛兔的這種狀況，用本地毛兔作雌本，從外地透用良種雄兔作為父本進(jìn)行雜交，使之產(chǎn)生產(chǎn)毛性能好的雜種后代，例如用中系的兔子為雌本，與德系的兔子雜交，雜種一代的年產(chǎn)毛量為400~500克，大大超過了純種中系的兔子的產(chǎn)毛量。
(1) The purpose of improving the crossbreeding between a certain breed of long haired rabbit and another breed of long haired rabbit is to enable one breed to absorb the characteristics of another breed while maintaining the original breed characteristics, thereby improving the wool production and quality of its breeding rabbits. For example, the poor wool production performance of locally bred rabbits directly affects the economic benefits of breeding. In order to quickly change the situation of local rabbits, local rabbits are used as female parents, and high-quality male rabbits from other regions are used as male parents for hybridization to produce hybrid offspring with good wool production performance. For example, using Chinese rabbits as female parents and crossing with German rabbits, the annual wool production of the hybrid generation is 400-500 grams, Greatly exceeding the wool production of purebred Chinese rabbits.
（2）育成雜交 就是把兩只兔子或兩只以上的兔子品種去進(jìn)行雜交，一個兔種必然具有若干品質(zhì)，例如要產(chǎn)毛性能，就型然要在體格、毛密度、毛的生長速度及其他各品質(zhì)上表現(xiàn)，面實(shí)際上不可能每只種免都使這么多品質(zhì)保持在水平上。為了保持該免種的這些性狀，就必須選擇具有不同特性的種兔，譬如某兔的毛密度性能特別，另一種免的毛品質(zhì)特別，以它們?yōu)榛A(chǔ)建立成各個晶系，以后通過品系間的雜交使后代兼?zhèn)溥@幾個品系的特點(diǎn)。因為品系間的親撐茶一般遠(yuǎn)，所以通過晶系間兔子的配對也可避免不恰當(dāng)?shù)慕蝗绶▏鬏崴惯x用了灰色野兔、喜馬拉雅兔和藍(lán)色兔作為豪本箱 于1913年育成青紫藍(lán)兔，使其兔皮毛具有獨(dú)特的青紫藍(lán)色彩，深受消費(fèi)者青睞。如今在國內(nèi)培育粗毛型長毛兔的過程中，也應(yīng)用過這種雜交的手段。
(2) Breeding crossbreeding is the process of crossbreeding two or more rabbit breeds. Each rabbit breed must possess several qualities, such as the ability to produce wool, which must be reflected in its physique, wool density, wool growth rate, and other qualities. In fact, it is impossible for each breed to maintain such many qualities at a level. In order to maintain these traits of the breed, it is necessary to choose rabbits with different characteristics. For example, one rabbit has a special wool density performance, while the other breed has a special wool quality. Based on them, various crystal lines are established, and future generations can combine the characteristics of these strains through hybridization between strains. Due to the fact that the affinity between different strains of tea is generally far apart, improper inbreeding can also be avoided through the pairing of rabbits between crystal lines. For example, France's Deborah chose gray wild rabbits, Himalayan rabbits, and blue rabbits as luxury boxes and bred them into blue and purple rabbits in 1913, giving their fur a unique blue and purple color, which is highly favored by consumers. Nowadays, this hybridization method has also been used in the cultivation of coarse haired rabbits in China.
